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The AS 4586 Rating System Explained
In Australia, slip resistance is assessed in accordance with AS 4586 – Slip Resistance Classification of New Pedestrian Surface Materials. This standard provides a consistent framework for rating surfaces based on their performance under different conditions.
AS 4586 includes several test methods, each suited to specific environments and surface applications. The commonly referenced ratings are P ratings and R ratings, which measure slip resistance in different scenarios.
P Ratings (P0–P5)
P ratings are determined using the Wet Pendulum Test, which simulates a pedestrian heel strike on a wet surface. These ratings are typically used for internal or external areas where barefoot or footwear use is expected, such as walkways, ramps and public access areas.
- P0 – No slip resistance classification
- P1–P2 – Low slip resistance (limited suitability in wet conditions)
- P3 – Moderate slip resistance
- P4 – High slip resistance
- P5 – Very high slip resistance, suitable for wet or high-risk areas
As the rating increases, so does the surface’s ability to reduce the likelihood of slipping under wet conditions.
R Ratings (R9–R13)
R ratings are assessed using the Oil-Wet Inclining Platform Test, where a person walks on an inclined surface coated with oil. These ratings are typically applied to industrial environments, such as factories, workshops or plant areas, where contaminants like oils and greases are present.
- R9–R10 – Low slip resistance
- R11 – Moderate slip resistance
- R12 – High slip resistance
- R13 – Very high slip resistance for heavily contaminated areas
Higher R ratings indicate a surface can maintain traction at steeper angles under oily conditions.
Additional Considerations
AS 4586 also allows for A, B and C classifications, which relate to barefoot slip resistance, commonly applied in aquatic or poolside environments. These classifications assess slip risk on wet, barefoot surfaces and complement the P and R rating systems.
Why Slip Ratings Matter
Slip ratings are not interchangeable; each rating is specific to the test method and environment it represents. Understanding the differences between P, R and A/B/C classifications ensures surfaces are specified correctly for their intended use, improving safety outcomes and compliance with Australian standards.
Selecting the appropriate slip resistance is not just a regulatory requirement—it is a key factor in reducing risk, improving accessibility, and enhancing long-term performance across a wide range of environments.